The All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) is a group of autonomous government public medical universities of higher education under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. The foundation stone of the AIIMS in New Delhi was laid in 1952, during the tenure of Rajkumari Amrit Kaur as India’s Health Minister. After 4 years, on February 18, 1956, introduced a new bill in the Lok Sabha. The first AIIMS Delhi was established in 1956 under the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Act, 1956. Originally this AIIMS proposed to be established in Calcutta, but due to the refusal of Chief Minister of West Bengal Bidhan Chandra Roy it was established in New Delhi. The act established AIIMS New Delhi, which was then known simply as All India Institute of Medical Sciences, and gave it the Institutes of National Importance (INI) status. In 2003, the government of India announced the Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana initiative which aimed at "correcting regional imbalances in the availability of affordable/reliable tertiary healthcare services". This was to be done through two main channels, one was setting up AIIMS like institutions and other one upgrading government medical colleges. Though the announcement and initiative was made in 2003 during Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's tenure, the project was delayed owing to the power shift at the centre. PMSSY was officially launched in March 2006 and six AIIMS like medical colleges were announced. The 06 colleges become operational through an Ordinance from September 2012. The AIIMS (Amendment) Bill, 2012 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 27 August 2012 in order to replace that Ordinance. Lok Sabha passed the Bill on 30 August 2012, it was introduced in Rajya Sabha on 3 September 2012 and passed on 4 September 2012. The Act was published on 13 September 2012. The act also allowed the institutes to operate more autonomously, and awarded them the INI status. It also conferred the power to establish other AIIMS-like institutes by gazette notification and give them equal status. On 1 February 2019, in the presentation of the interim budget for 2019–2020, Piyush Goyal, who was given temporary charge of the Minister of Finance a week earlier, announced an AIIMS in Haryana. In March, the cabinet approved the institute in Majra Mustal Bhalkhi, Rewari district. On 1 March 2022, PM Narendra Modi announced an AIIMS for the state of Manipur under the Atmanirbhar Bharat Scheme. 20 AIIMS currently running in India for MBBS course and total 06 new AIIMS medical colleges proposed to open in India.
| S.No. | State | Name of AIIMS | Year of Establishment | Total Annual Intake |
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | AIIMS Mangalagiri, Vijayawada | 2020 | 125 |
| 2 | Assam | AIIMS Guwahati | 2020 | 100 |
| 3 | Bihar | AIIMS Patna | 2012 | 125 |
| 4 | Chhattisgarh | AIIMS Raipur | 2012 | 125 |
| 5 | Gujarat | AIIMS Rajkot | 2020 | 75 |
| 6 | Himachal Pradesh | AIIMS Bilaspur | 2020 | 100 |
| 7 | Jammu & Kashmir (UT) | AIIMS Jammu | 2020 | 100 |
| 8 | Jharkhand | AIIMS Deogarh | 2019 | 125 |
| 9 | Madhya Pradesh | AIIMS Bhopal | 2012 | 125 |
| 10 | Maharashtra | AIIMS Nagpur | 2018 | 125 |
| 11 | New Delhi | AIIMS Delhi | 1956 | 125+7 |
| 12 | Odisha | AIIMS Bhubaneswar | 2012 | 125 |
| 13 | Punjab | AIIMS Bathinda | 2019 | 100 |
| 14 | Rajasthan | AIIMS Jodhpur | 2012 | 150 |
| 15 | Tamil Nadu | AIIMS Madurai | 2021 | 50 |
| 16 | Telangana | AIIMS Bibi Nagar, Hyderabad | 2019 | 100 |
| 17 | Uttar Pradesh | AIIMS Rae Bareli | 2013 | 100 |
| 18 | Uttar Pradesh | AIIMS Gorakhpur | 2019 | 125 |
| 19 | Uttarakhand | AIIMS Rishikesh | 2012 | 125 |
| 20 | West Bengal | AIIMS Kalyani | 2019 | 125 |
| Total MBBS Seats in AIIMS | 2257 | |||
In addition to the above 20 AIIMS colleges, the Govt of India soon establish following new AIIMS medical colleges -
1. AIIMS Darbhanga, Bihar (MBBS Seats 100)
2. AIIMS Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir (MBBS Seats 100)
3. AIIMS Rewari, Haryana (MBBS Seats 100)
4. AIIMS Manipur (MBBS Seats 100)
5. AIIMS Karnataka (MBBS Seats 100)
6. AIIMS Kerala (MBBS Seats 100)